The Scientific Process
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Properties of Air Note
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Hot air balloons fly because the warm air inside the balloon has a lower density than the air surrounding the balloon. It is lighter! The balloon becomes more buoyant and floats up into the sky.
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Lift is the force that causes a plane to rise. It is the wings of the airplane that give it lift. Lift is caused by air movement and air pressure. If you are not sure how this works, here is a quick review of Bernoulli's Principle, which explains how air pressure produces lift. |
Weight: The earth's gravity pulls down on the plane. This is the plane’s weight. The lift needs to be greater than the weight of the plane if the plane is to take off.
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Thrust is the force that moves the airplane forward. Engines provide thrust for airplanes, unless of course it is a glider. The engine's thrust keeps the plane moving forward and the air flowing over the wings keep the plane in the air.
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Drag is caused by the wind or air against the plane. Drag can slow a plane down. The shape of the airplane is important in telling how much drag there will be. The more streamlined the plane is the less drag it will have. An aerodynamic plane has little drag. If there is more thrust than drag then the plane speeds up. If there is less thrust than drag, the plane slows down. If they are the same then the plane flies at a constant speed..
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Graphic Organizer
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